نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prediction of psychological well-being based on emotional self-regulation, resilience and communication skills in female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city

نویسندگان [English]

Maryam Nezhad Moghadam: Master of Science in General Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch.

Maryam Agel Masjedi*: Associate Professor, Department of General Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Iran.

Ayese Amini: Master of Health Education and Healthcare Professional.

Detailed Abstract   

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting psychological well-being based on emotional self-regulation, resilience and communication skills in teachers.

Materials and methods: The statistical population included 1099 female teachers of elementary public schools in Islamshahr city (N = 1099). Using available sampling method, 291 people were selected (n=291) and answered the questions of Reif psychological well-being questionnaire (Reif, 1989), emotional styles questionnaire (Hoffman and Kashden, 2010), Connor-Davidson resilience scale (Connor and Davidson , 2003) and communication skills questionnaire (Quindam, 2004). Data analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant difference between concealment (r=0.260; p<0.01), compromise (r=0.294; p<0.01), tolerance (r=0.271; p<0.01). p<0), perception of individual competence (r=0.157; p<0.01), trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions (r=0.262; p<0.01), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (341/341) r=0.01, control (r=0.306, p>0.01), spiritual influences (r=0.238, p>0.01), listening skills (r=0.01, p>), the ability to receive and send messages (r=0.273; p>0.01), insight into the communication process (r=0.294; p>0.01), emotional control (r=0.254; p>0.1 p>0) and there is a positive and significant relationship with assertiveness (r=0.272; p>0.01) with psychological well-being.

Results and discussion: The research results showed that emotional self-regulation, resilience and communication skills are strong predictors for well-being. Psychological characteristics of female primary school teachers. In other words, teachers with a higher level of emotional self-regulation have a better ability to They control and manage their emotions. Also, the ability to adapt to difficult and stressful situations (resilience) and strong skills Communication is directly related to increasing the psychological well-being of this group of teachers. The findings of this research with studies Theformer is also aligned. Previous studies have also emphasized the important role of emotional self-regulation in improving mental health. to the opinion It turns out that by developing emotional self-regulation skills, teachers can better cope with their job challenges and improve their well-being. experience a higher psychological Regarding the impact of resilience on the psychological well-being of teachers, this finding is with the result of Mehdi's study and colleagues (1400), Tabatabai (2017), Suri et al. (2013), Holden et al. (2013) and Perch et al. (2012) is aligned In explaining this finding, it can be said that according to Connor and Davidson (2003), mental resilience indicates talent and capacity. It is positive for people to overcome stress. Resilience is used for people's resistance and tolerance against negative events It is a method to measure a person's ability to deal with stressful factors and factors that threaten a person's mental health. Teachers who have enough resilience do not have self-destructive behavior, are emotionally calm and have the ability to deal with demands. have a job Regarding the effect of communication skills on the psychological well-being of teachers, this finding is with the result of Ahmadi's study (2022) and Afifi et al. (2015) is consistent. In explaining this finding, it can be said that it is the inability to create a proper causal relationship which can be the basis of social isolation of people from each other and feelings of loneliness. Having a high ability to build, direct and Promoting social relationships and expanding and strengthening them with communication skills increases the possibility of maintaining and improving relationships between people in a social network, such as the relationship between teachers and colleagues and students' parents. Emotional self-regulation is a predictor of psychological well-being in female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city. The results of the investigation of the second hypothesis of the research indicated the confirmation of this hypothesis and with a probability of 99%, emotional self-regulation is a predictor of psychological well-being in female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city. This finding is in line with the study of Abkhaiz and Mikailimani (2019), who showed that cognitive self-regulation has an effect on improving teachers' occupational well-being by reducing job burnout and increasing job satisfaction. In this regard, the study of Shaerbaf Shaher (2018) showed that self-regulation has a positive and meaningful relationship with the psychological well-being dimensions of independence, positive relationship with others, and purposefulness in life among university employees. Resilience is a predictor of psychological well-being in female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city. The results of hypothesis testing The third research showed the confirmation of this hypothesis and with a probability of 99%, resilience predicts psychological well-being in teachers. She is a primary school student in Islamshahr city. This finding is in line with the study of Mehdi et al. (2020) that resilience It has a positive and significant effect on the psychological well-being of employees. In this regard, Tabatabai's study (2017) showed that between Tab Avari has a significant relationship with teachers' psychological well-being. Communication skills predict psychological well-being in female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city. The results of the investigation of the fourth hypothesis of the research indicated the confirmation of this hypothesis and with a probability of 99% predictive communication skillsPsychological well-being of female primary school teachers in Islamshahr city. This finding is consistent with Ahmadi's study (2022). which showed that communication skills have a positive and significant effect on psychological well-being. In this regard, Afifi and Colleagues (2015) showed that parents' communication skills have an effect on improving stress in adolescents and adults. In explaining this It can be said that interpersonal communication is actually the need to feel belonging to a group, social life and having interaction with others originates Social needs, like any other need, need to be answered and satisfied, and after being met, it is necessary to Strengthen the use of learning new skills. Among these skills is the skill of interpersonal relationships. Actually learning The skill of interpersonal communication is considered a need and neglecting it can lead to feelings of loneliness and problems in the field. different aspects of life and as a result decrease the psychological well-being of the individual.

Conclusion: Data analysis using step-by-step regression analysis showed that the components of positive acceptance of change and safe relationships, spiritual influences and control) can be a suitable predictor for psychological well-being, and positive acceptance of change and safe relationships has the greatest effect (247/ β=0; sig=0.0005). Based on the results of this study, it is possible to benefit from interventions based on emotion regulation, fostering resilience and teaching communication skills in increasing the psychological well-being of teachers.

Keywords: Psychological well-being, emotional self-regulation, resilience, communication skills, female teachers, elementary school.