نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the attitude, skill and management knowledge of school principals in Abpakhsh district in the academic year 1401-1402

نویسندگان [English]

Zeinab Khazaie: Master of Educational Sciences, Barazjan Branch, Ferdous Rahjoyan Danesh Barazjan Institute, Barazjan, Iran.

Abdoreza Arabzadeh *: Assistant Professor of Department of Educational Sciences, Ferdous Rahjoyan Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Brazjan.

Seyed Mohsen Mohammadi: Assistant Professor of Department of Educational Sciences, Ferdous Rahjoyan Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Brazjan.

Detailed Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the attitude, skills and management knowledge of school principals in Abpakhsh district in the academic year of 1401-1402.

Materials and methods: The research method, is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in nature. The statistical population of this research, was the principals of schools in Abpakhsh district in the academic year of 1401-1402 and there were 54 people that all of them were selected as the sample size due to the limited statistical population.

Results and discussion: Training, preparation and recognition of managers is one of the things that officials and planners of the education system should pay serious attention to. Human resources are the factor of increasing the organization's performance and by creating competition, it is effective in increasing productivity (Ardestani and Ershtekar, 2015). Management is one of the most effective human endeavors in his social life. Human societies consist of a group of organizations with different goals, each of which performs a task. The condition for the society to reach the desired goals is that all organizations fulfill their duties, plans and organizational goals (Pardakhtachi, 2014). In all organizations, management is considered as the basic pillar to achieve effective goals. The manager, as the official representative of the organization, is placed at the head of the work to create coordination and increase effectiveness, and the success of the organization in achieving the goals as expected depends on how he applies his management. Hersey and Blanchard (1996) state that a successful organization has characteristics that distinguish it from an unsuccessful organization, and that is nothing but "dynamic and effective management and leadership". In other words, dynamic and effective management and leadership is the main factor in the success of organizations. Organizations have focused their attention on organizational leaders and their management style in order to avoid falling behind in the competition. In the leadership role of the organization, the manager is able to use different management styles to guide the human resources. The appropriate behavior patterns of the manager in any organization can help to create strong morale and motivation in employees and increase their satisfaction with their jobs and careers (Massadaq Rad 2013). Examining results and performance is one of the vital factors in achieving the ideals and goals of organizations and managements. Performance evaluation and efficiency improvement is a fundamental issue in all organizations and institutions. In this regard, the education system of each country plays a very important role in the development of the country as one of the vital organizations. Therefore, investigating the performance and improving efficiency in schools as the main institution of education is of particular importance. Leadership and management at different levels of the education system is the main factor in the development of schools and the progress of communities (Sadeghinia, 2017).Currently, the education organization has an unfavorable performance in the quality of education and school output. The main reason for this situation is the lack of transformational action of education managers to reform and improve the education system. The rules and regulations related to the evaluation of the performance of educational managers are so vague and general that they cannot properly fulfill their role in responding to the needs and issues of the educational system. Also, the selection process of managers does not follow appropriate criteria based on up-to-date and appropriate knowledge and skills. This issue has led to the inefficiency and incompatibility of many schools (Webster and Livempent, 2020). According to the current situation in some schools, it seems that the quality of work of school administrators in the education system has problems. These problems may be due to the lack of professional qualifications and sufficient capabilities of managers. Factors such as lack of experience, lack of knowledge and necessary skills and incorrect selection of managers may have caused the inefficiency of schools (Farzaneh et al., 2014). Serious weakness in the performance of school principals and their selection and appointment process, along with the lack of strong programs to empower them, has caused the failure to provide an efficient and effective performance in the education system. Unfortunately, this situation occurs when huge expenses are spent on investment and development of education, but no suitable and acceptable success has been achieved (Kazemi et al., 1400). The role of school principals is very important as the main elements in realizing the goals and facing the changing and emerging challenges of the current era. By improving the quality of school management, it is possible to create an efficient and effective educational system. Therefore, with the condition of accepting the privileged role of school principals in the educational system and their effectiveness in improving the teaching and learning processes and the advancement of educational goals and the belief that education will lead to the education of a knowledgeable and capable generation, then selection and selection Capable managers who have professional qualifications can lead to this; This is because capable, knowledgeable and competent administrators can have a significant impact on teachers, students, and ultimately society.

To analyze the data, sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used in SPSS19 software and the results showed that The level of managerial attitude, managerial skill and managerial knowledge of school principals in Abpakhsh region has been above the average level and in a favorable condition. Also, according to the findings, there was no significant difference between the management attitude, management skills and management knowledge of Abpakhsh district school principals based on their educational level.

Conclusion: The general conclusion of the research showed that by strengthening the attitude, skills and management knowledge of managers, it is possible to help improve the quality of their work in schools.

Keywords: managerial attitude, managerial knowledge, managerial skill, Managers.